No, the U.S. OUC is 120 V only, so connecting it to 208 - 240 V would fry its electronics. Although the EVSE's included with many EV's can be modified to be dual-voltage (i.e., Levels 1 and 2), the i3's OUC apparently cannot easily be modified.
While many things a dual voltage, unless a device is labeled as such, it will usually fail. An EVSE has a power supply in it to power the interlock signals and activate the relay that connects the line voltage into the EV. While it would be nice if the thing could use 240vac which would double the power supplied, that's not the case with the supplied device.
As others have said, not with the included OUC. BMW does sell a 120/240 OUC for it (they call it a "TurboCord Charger",) although you can get ones from third parties that are cheaper.
The company the makes the "JESLA" charge cable - which is the OEM TESLA charge cable modified with the J1772 connector (expensive), also makes a multi-voltage Go-Cable.